Laboratory Autoclave Operating and Safety Guide
Laboratory autoclaves use pressurized steam to sterilize equipment, media, and waste. Proper operation ensures effective sterilization and operator safety.
I. Operating Procedures
- Pre-Use Check: Verify the water level in the reservoir is adequate. Check that the door gasket is clean and undamaged. Ensure the drain line is clear.
- Loading: Load items so that steam can circulate freely. Do not overpack the chamber. Loosen caps on containers to prevent pressure buildup. Place items in autoclave-safe secondary containment.
- Cycle Selection: Select the appropriate cycle for the load type. Gravity cycles for liquids and wrapped items. Pre-vacuum cycles for porous loads. Liquid cycles include slow exhaust to prevent boiling.
- Cycle Monitoring: Monitor the temperature and pressure during the cycle. Verify the sterilization parameters (typically one hundred twenty-one degrees Celsius at fifteen psi for fifteen to thirty minutes) are achieved.
- Unloading: Wait for the pressure to return to zero and the temperature to decrease before opening. Open the door slowly, standing to the side. Use heat-resistant gloves for handling hot items.
II. Safety Protocols
- Never autoclave sealed containers, flammable materials, corrosive chemicals, or radioactive materials unless specifically validated for the application
- Use secondary containment for liquid loads to contain spills
- Do not open the door while the chamber is pressurized
- Allow adequate cooling time before handling sterilized items
- Post emergency procedures and ensure operators are trained in autoclave safety
III. Maintenance
- Daily: Clean the chamber and door gasket. Check and refill water. Inspect the drain strainer.
- Weekly: Clean the water level sensor. Check the pressure relief valve for proper operation.
- Monthly: Deep clean the chamber and reservoir. Verify temperature and pressure calibration.
- Annually: Professional service including safety valve testing, door interlock verification, and full calibration.
