The acetyl group in Food Grade Organic Acetic Acid is the basis of all life in biochemistry. When combined with coenzyme A, it becomes the center of carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Its concentration in cells is strictly controlled to a very low range to avoid destructive changes in cytoplasmic pH. Unlike other long-chain carboxylic acids, acetic acid is not present in triglycerides.

Artificial triglycerides containing Food Grade Organic Acetic Acid, also known as glycerol acetate (triacetin), are an important food additive and are also used in the manufacture of cosmetics and topical medicines. Acetic acid can also be produced or secreted by some specific bacteria, notably the acetobacter-like Clostridium acetobutylicum, which is widespread in food, water, and soil around the world.

Acetic acid also occurs naturally when fruit or other foods spoil. Acetic acid is also a component of the vaginal lubricating fluid of all primates, including humans, and is used as a mild antibacterial agent.