Ethyl acetate has the following properties:
1. Colorless transparent liquid. Miscible with chloroform, alcohol, acetone and ether; At 25℃, 1mL of the product can be dissolved in 10mL water, and a binary azeotropic mixture will be formed when the temperature rises. The boiling point of azeotropic mixture formed with water is 70.4℃, containing 6.1% water (by mass); The boiling point of azeotropic mixture formed with ethanol is 71.8℃. The boiling point of ternary azeotropic mixture formed with 7.8% water and 9.0% ethanol is 70.2℃. It is volatile and easy to ignite. It's fruity. Water causes it to decompose slowly and become acidic. Flammable, its steam and air easy to form explosive mixture, explosive limit 2.2% ~ 11.2%(volume).
2. Chemical properties: Ethyl acetate is easily hydrolyzed, and gradually hydrolyzed to acetic acid and ethanol in the presence of water at room temperature. The addition of trace acid or base can promote the hydrolysis reaction. Ethyl acetate can also undergo alcoholysis, ammonolysis, transesterification, reduction and other common ester reactions. In the presence of sodium metal condensation, the formation of 3-hydroxy-2-butanone or ethyl acetoacetate; It reacts with Grignard reagent to form ketones and further reacts to give tertiary alcohols. Ethyl acetate was relatively stable to heat, with no change at 290℃ for 8-10 hours. Through the red hot iron tube decomposition into ethylene and acetic acid, through heating to 300~350℃ zinc powder decomposition into hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, acetone and ethylene, 360℃ through the dehydration of alumina can be decomposed into water, ethylene, carbon dioxide and acetone. Ethyl acetate is decomposed by ultraviolet radiation to produce 55% carbon monoxide, 14% carbon dioxide and 31% hydrogen or methane. Reacts with ozone to form acetaldehyde and acetic acid. Gaseous hydrogen halide reacts with ethyl acetate to produce haloethane and acetic acid. Among them, hydrogen iodide is the most easy to react, while hydrogen chloride needs pressure to decompose at room temperature, and is heated to 150℃ with phosphorus pentachloride to generate chloroethane and acetyl chloride. Ethyl acetate forms various crystalline complexes with metallic salts. These compounds are soluble in anhydrous ethanol but not in ethyl acetate and readily hydrolyze in water.
3. Stability
4. Forbidden ligands strong oxidants, bases and acids
5. Polymerization harm is not polymerization
Ethyl acetate is a kind of widely used fine chemical products, has excellent solubility, fast dry, wide range of USES, is a kind of very important organic chemical raw materials and excellent industrial solvent, has been widely used in acetate, ethyl cellulose, chlorinated rubber, vinyl resin, acetate fiber resin, synthetic rubber, coating and paint in the process of production. The main uses are:
1, can be used to dissolve nitrocellulose, ink, grease, etc., can also be used for paint, artificial leather, plastic products, dyes, drugs and spices, etc
2, widely used in the production of ink, adhesive, artificial leather, pharmaceutical and organic acid extraction agent, but also used as a component of varnish, spices
3. Used as analytical reagent, standard substance and solvent for chromatographic analysis
4, GB2760-96 provisions for the permitted use of edible spices. Mainly used for incense, persimmon astringent, the production of spices particles or tablets, vinegar ingredients. Widely used in the preparation of cherry, peach, apricot and other fruit flavors and brandy and other wine flavors. It is also used as a solvent of gum gum based vinyl acetate, pigment thinner, and also used in decaffeinated coffee, tea and fruits, vegetables, etc.
5, as a flavoring agent for feed.
6, can be used in a small amount of yulan, ylang ylang, osmanthus, rabbit ear grass flower and toilet water, fruit flavor and other flavors as head fragrance to adjust the use of fresh fruit, especially for perfume fragrance, has a mellow effect. Suitable for cherry, peach, apricot, grape, strawberry, raspberry, banana, pear, pineapple, lemon, melon and other food flavors. Liquor with essence such as brandy, whisky, rum, yellow wine, liquor, etc.
7, ethyl acetate is one of the most widely used fatty acid esters, is a quick drying solvent, has excellent solubility, is an excellent industrial solvent. Can be used for nitric fiber, ethyl fiber, chlorinated rubber and vinyl resin, cellulose acetate, cellulose butyl acetate and synthetic rubber, also can be used for photocopier liquid nitro fiber ink. Can be used as adhesive solvent, paint thinner; In the textile industry can be used as a cleaning agent, in the food industry can be used as a special modified alcohol flavor extraction agent, but also used as pharmaceutical process and organic acid extraction agent. It is an important spice additive in spice industry and can be used as a component of flavoring agent. Ethyl acetate is also used to make dyes, medicines and spices. Ethyl acetate is a high efficient solvent for many kinds of resins, widely used in the production of ink and artificial leather.
